South Cascade Glacier in Washington documented from 1928 to 2003 showing the recent rapid glacier retreating. In 2003, it was half the size it was in 1923, scientists estimate. A new study today found a sharp rise in the melt rate of … Location: Latitude: 48°21'23.00"N, Longitude: 121°3'26.65"W A. Privacy Baker and N of Glacier Peak. Mount Rainier, Washington, at 14,410 feet (4,393 meters), the highest peak in the Cascade Range, is a dormant volcano whose glacier ice cover exceeds that of any other mountain in the conterminous United States. The North Cascade Range in the vicinity of South Cascade Glacier accumulated approximately average to above average winter snow packs during 2006 and 2007. 5/5/2013. The South Cascade Glacier, a remote ice field near Glacier Peak, has shrunk almost every year since 1959, when the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began tracking it closely. A composite image showing South Cascade glacier in Washington state (year 2000, left, 2006, right). The glaciers on Mount Rainier decreased in area by 21% between 1913 and 1994 (Nylen, 2004). The glacier of interest here is South Cascade Glacier located on the crest of the North Cascade Range of Washington. Methods SOUTH CASCADE GLACIER South Cascade Glacier is located at 48'21.5'N and 121'3.5'W at the crest of the North Cascade Mountain Range in Washington (Fig. Add site numbers. Page Contact Information: Washington Water Data Support Team South Cascade Glacier area change, 1970 - 2015. Drainage area is 105 mi 2. Multiple site visits are made annually for facility maintenance, instrument repair and installation, and direct measurement of snow and ice. At the Salix Creek and Middle Tarn gaging station air temperature is measured with thermistor-based sensors in passively ventilated radiation shields, between 3-3.5 m above the ground. This aerial photo from 2013 shows how the melting and receding of the South Cascade Glacier has created South Cascade Lake (in green). During the 1900–45 period, South Cascade Glacier lost mass at a rate of 1.4 m per year and the Thunder Creek glaciers (which are at a higher altitude) at 1.1 m per year. Seasonal mass balance has been monitored at this ablation stake site since 1957. R Repeated point measurements at established index sites, in conjunction with local meteorology and runoff data, are used to estimate glacier-wide mass balances. South Cascade Glacier for the hydrologic years ending on September 30, 1965 and 1966, and results from Gul- kana and Wolverine Glaciers for the hydrologic year 1966. Direct field measurements are combined with weather data and imagery analyses to calculate the seasonal and annual mass balance of each glacier. 5/3/2013. Bruce Goodson and Matt Firth traverse above the South Cascade Glacier toward White Rock Lakes, June 2000. Credit for the idea of skiing the Ptarmigan goes to Bill Nicolai. 6/4/2011, South Cascade weather station (USGS 12181110). 2. Summary of all available data for this site, Instantaneous-data availability statement. The area of this basin has been previously reported as 6.02 and 6.11 km2. No. He had done the traverse on foot and told his friend Steve Barnett it would be a perfect trip for skis. Maritime Climate Zone B. Continental And Maritime Climate Zones C. Intermountain Climate Zone SelectABC 1. South Cascade Lake Basin (fig. Ski tracks connect survey points on a spring survey trip at South Cascade Glacier. Data. For additional information on the status of the glacier and on data relating to annual mass balance and other measurements, visit the WGMS Fluctuations of Glaciers Browser. Retreating. into the glacier and measuring the change in height above the glacier surface on several occasions each summer. The value for δ (s) for the glacier was estimated to be 0.05 m and 0.03 for the basin on the basis of precipitation and temperature records (pl. URL: https://waterdata.usgs.gov/wa/nwis/uv? 5/3/2013, Research team installs telemetry equipment at stake P1. Measurements began on South Cascade Glacier, WA in 1958, expanding to Gulkana and Wolverine glaciers, AK in 1966, and later Sperry Glacier, MT in 2005. Dominated by a maritime climate, the glacier receives heavy annual precipitation, exceeding 4.5 m in places (PRISM Climate Group, 2006) and is heavily influenced by climate conditions in the Pacific Ocean (Walters and Meier, 1989). ... Gage height, feet. Recording field data at a stake site. South Cascade Glacier has retreated dramatically since the beginning of mass balance studies (1959 photo on left). The glacier is SE of Mt. Title graphic image: South Cascade Glacier in the Washington Cascade Mountains, in 1928, 1979, and 2000 (Images courtesy of the National Snow and Ice Data Center) Scientists track glacial change by measuring individual glaciers and comparing their size over time with records of … South Cascade Sperry Wolverine. South Cascade Glacier is a large alpine glacier in the North Cascades of Washington, USA. TABLE 4.—Ice and water balances, South Cascade Glacier basin, 1967 hydrologic and balance years Thus, 25-40 % of the volume of these glaciers has been lost since 1984. Most recent instantaneous value: 1.19 07-08-2020 12:00 PDT Add up to 2 more sites and replot for "Gage height, feet"? Measurements began on South Cascade Glacier, WA in 1958, expanding to Gulkana and Wolverine glaciers, AK in 1966, and later Sperry Glacier, MT in 2005. In 1959 scientists with the USGS began collecting mass balance data on South Cascade Glacier, one of four "benchmark glaciers" in the US. Access all the data here. South Cascade Glacier located in a north-northwest facing valley near the crest of the Cascade Range in northwest Washington state. South Cascade Glacier 2013. Meteorological observations began in 1959 with installation of temperature and precipitation instruments at several locations in the basin. Liquid precipitation is measured by means of tipping bucket rain gage at Salix and Middle Tarn gaging stations. Washington's South Cascade Glacier SelectABC 3. The glacier basin is 6.142 km2 in area, and in 1992, 2.089 km2 of the basin was occupied by glacier, and another 0.4 km2 by nonglacier ice (Krimmel, 1993). Extensive glaciological measurements within the basin include: streamflow runoff, precipitation, air temperature, barometric pressure, snow thickness and density, ice ablation, surface speed, and surface altitude. Researchers traverse South Cascade Glacier. In 1959 scientists with the USGS began collecting mass balance data on South Cascade Glacier, one of four "benchmark glaciers" in the US. Combined ice and waterbalances of Gulkana and Wolverine Glaciers, Alaska, and South Cascade Glacier, Washington, 1965 and 1966 hydrologic years, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 715-A, 23 p. Ostrem, G. and A. Stanley, 1969. Title: USGS Current Conditions for Washington These unheated gages do not account for precipitation in the form of snow so the record of precipitation at both sites is limited to summer catch. In 1959 the USGS began a suite of continuous mass balance measurements at South Cascade Glacier, one of four benchmark glaciers in North America. Funding for this site is provided by the benchmark glacier (South Cascade Glacier) in the lower 48 United States with ongoing measurements. 5/4/2013, Guided by GPS navigation, researchers use GPS navigation and a sled to carry ablation stakes and equipment between sites. Policies and Notices, U.S. Department of the Interior | These differences are due to different interpretations of the drainage divide. Maps.--. Alaska's Gulkana And Wolverine Glaciers SelectABC 2. 2, table 4, fig. This stake array includes a time lapse camera and a sun-shielded temperature sensor, maintained at a constant 2m above the glacier surface. Measurements began on South Cascade Glacier, WA in 1958, expanding to Gulkana and Wolverine glaciers, AK in 1966, and later Sperry Glacier, MT in 2005. It takes about 2.5 - 3 hours to drive to the nearest trailhead from Seattle. Cover: Photograph of South Cascade Glacier, Washington, from the north-northwest, August 24, 2005 (photograph by Willian Bidlake, U.S. Geological Survey). National Water Information System: Web Interface. This glacier is within the Skagit River drainage basin. Seasonal snow has melted, leaving this ablation stake at terminus site. AT SOUTH CASCADE GLACIER, WASHINGTON, BALANCE YEARS 2004 AND 2005. Current data available from the South Cascade weather station (USGS 12181110) includes: Runoff from Middle Tarn basin was computed from discharge of the South Fork of the Cascade River where it empties from Middle Tarn. Other articles where South Cascade Glacier is discussed: glacier: Mass balance of mountain glaciers: …the temperate, maritime glaciers is South Cascade Glacier, in western Washington. The world's first radio-echo sounding measurements in temperate ice were conducted on South Cascade Glacier and subglacial water flow have been studied on this glacier, among various other studies aimed at advancing the understanding glaciers. 2). The glacier spans nearly 660 m in elevation in the steep sided basin which forms the headwaters of the South Fork of the Cascade River. Cross-correlation of annual balance on North Cascade glaciers 1984-2014, except for Sholes Glacier and Easton Glacier 1990-2014. Height max: 2275 m a.s.l. The glacier has lost more than half of its mass since 1957. Flood Stage.--. The glacier spans nearly 660 m in elevation in the steep sided basin which forms the headwaters of the South Fork of the Cascade River. sonal mass balances measured at South Cascade Glacier to de-termine if changes in atmospheric circulation are a cause of the dramatic decrease in the mass balance of South Cascade Glacier. In 2015, South Cascade glacier had an area of 1.8 km2 in the 6.14 km2 South South Cascade Lake Basin (O'Neel et al, 2019). 4). South Cascade Glacier observed by the USGS 1985-2012, all other glaciers data from NCGCP. South Cascade Glacier is a small temperate glacier located in the North Cascade Mountains of Washington. The well-studied South Cascade Glacier shrank by 22% during this time period (USGS), while the Blue Glacier in Olympic National Park saw a terminus retreat of 2% between 1957 and 1997 (Conway et al., 1999). USGS 12181090 SOUTH CASCADE MIDDLE TARN NEAR MARBLEMOUNT, WA. ... Schematic diagram showing variations of surface height and selected . Details of calculations and determination of rating curves can be found in USGS summaries of balance years. Since the late 1950s, the USGS has maintained a long-term glacier mass-balance program at three North American glaciers. Table 3. report. 1.41   1.24 caww01. FACTS: Political unit: US; WGMS ID: 205; Latitude: 48.37°N; Longitude: 121.05°W; Height min: 1630 m a.s.l. This kind of retreating is the result of climate change which has significantly increased due to … It is bordered on the east by 8,261-foot (2,518 m) Sentinel Peak, and is about 17 mi (27 km) north of Glacier Peak in the Glacier Peak Wilderness. South Cascade glacier, the site of one of North America's longest glacier mass balance records, has been the focus of many facets of glacier research over the years. Additional measurements have been made on Lemon Creek Glacier, AK to compliment data collected by the Juneau Icefield Research Program (JIRP; Pelto and others, 2013). By looking at this photo it's clear to see how quickly the glaciers are retreating in the modern world. Fieldwork in early May reveals a snow-covered landscape as researchers climb a chute on South Cascade Glacier. The topography of the basin is steep, ranging from 1615 to 2518 m cooperators / programs below: Add up to 2 more sites and replot for "Discharge, cubic feet per second", Accessibility These data constitute the longest continuous set of mass-balance data in North America (Josberger and others, 2007) which are used to understand glacier dynamics and hydrology, and to measure the glacier's response to climate change. At the Hut, air temperature, wind speed, and incoming solar radiation are measured about 1.5 m above the roof. Steam drill in background is used to drill small holes for inserting ablation stakes. M. S. Pelto: Glacier annual balance measurement, prediction, forecasting 15 Fig. This data release includes seasonal and annual glacier-wide mass balance, and the input point measurements and elevation data used for these calculations. Warning: Javascript must be enabled to use all the features on this page! inventory and annual data 2 — (L to R) Kaspari and previous CWU Master of Science student Dan Pittenger, the journal article’s co-author, drill a shallow ice core on South Cascade Glacier in 2014. How Are The Glaciers Included In The Benchmark Glacier Research Project Different In Terms Of Their Climate Zone Locations? Snow density on South Cascade Glacier, at 1,844 meters altitude, May 15-16, 1995 ............................................................................................... 31 12. Status. — The rapidly retreating South Cascade Glacier in the North Cascades, as it looked in 2014. Preparing to collect a snow core sample using Kovacs ice drill. Additional measurements have been made on Lemon Creek and Taku glaciers, AK to compliment data collected by the. A researcher traverses the terminus of South Cascade Glacier to reach the lowest ablation stake. Area: 2015 = 1.8 km2. It contains more than five times the glacier area of all the other Cascade volcanoes combined. Elevation of gage is 1,245 feet above NGVD of 1929, from river profile map. The ba of North Cascade glaciers and bn for South Cascade glacier 1984–2006, records for individual glaciers are difficult to distinguish due to the consistently high correlation between glaciers. No single glacier is … Station data inventory, annual data report , and latest shifted rating. Additional Data and Information.--. The annual balance records indicate the high ... South Cascade Glacier and NCGCP glaciers 14 of 14 8 of 9 Rule 2 If PDO is negative and ENSO is equilibrium or negative, mass Observations by the USGS at South Cascade Glacier indicate that since the mid-1950s, South Cascade Glacier’s cumulative mass balance was -25m, mean annual balance from 1956-1975 averaged -0.15 m/a , and from 1976-2012 averaged -0.75 m/a. There are six stakes dispersed along a center transect from the terminus to the head of the glacier where measurements of ice ablation, and snow depth and density are repeated annually. Locate this station on a map of the basin (PDF). FOIA Other Study Locations: Black Rapids Glacier, Alaska Columbia Glacier, Alaska Hubbard Glacier, Alaska. Regional variation in glacier mass balance is due to variation in geo-graphic characteristics such as aspect, elevation and location with respect to prevailing winds. U.S. Geological Survey Additional Data and Information.--Station data There was much about glaciers that the scientists wanted to account for, measure, study, and understand before the ice began to transform dramatically. 1) has an area of 6.14 km2and spans from 1,615 to 2,518 m altitude. Mount Rainier has approximately 26 glaciers. Page Last Modified: 2020-12-02 08:41:05 EST The US Geological Survey (USGS) had collected some long-term glacier data, starting in 1958 with the South Cascade Glacier, about 130 kilometers northeast of Seattle, Washington. Elevation Range: Approximately 1640-2300 meters Note Create presentation-quality / stand-alone graph. Air temperature at a constant height of 2.0 m above the glacier surface has also been collected during summer months for a portion of the period of record at South Cascade Glacier.
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