References What feelings are coming up in the night or when you try to go to sleep? Sit in a comfortable position and close your eyes. Now this article has helped me with that. There are apps that have sounds you can have your child listen to as background noise, if they get scared of unusual noises at night. A dim nightlight is advised only insofar as it does not disrupt the child's sleeping patterns. Having an overfull bladder can cause nightmares. I keep trying to do these techniques, but they're not helping. What if I am scared of a scary movie that claims that it is a true story and it actually happened? Also, do self-defense training to bolster your confidence and to reduce your fear; conquering too much fear can help liberate you to do more in life. Hi there, I am desperate for some good advice to help me with my seven year old daughter. Topic: Scared at night & I don't know what to do 5 posts, 0 answered Oldest first | Newest first. ", how to take steps towards overcoming your nighttime fears. To be less scared at night, try sleeping with a night light on if you’re afraid of the dark. A fear becomes a phobia when it’s excessive, irrational, or impacts your … Repeat for several cycles until you feel more calm. Illness. Sufferers of post-traumatic stress disorder are especially likely to experience fear at night, nightmares, and sleep disorders. You can actually purchase white noise machines designed with an array of different sounds to help facilitate more restful sleep. Try not to think about it. Having somebody or something with you (even stuffed animals) can help prevent feelings of fear and loneliness at night. Hold for 5 counts. Im just not sure what to do anymore. If you find your mind wandering, focus on counting your inhales and exhales. Interesting to read, this is so common. If your dog doesn’t like his crate during the day, it’s probably one of the reasons listed above. You can meditate anywhere you like and for as long as you like. She received her MS in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Marquette University in 2011. 2 posts. Is it okay to sleep with a sibling when scared? I definitely recommend it! This has now gone on for about 4 weeks. You might say "Now, Jane, calm down. Or, imagine a calm scene, like a beach, a treehouse, or a magical forest. What I do is I make up stories based off books I read, and I make myself a character. Stay in bed when you're scared. wikiHow marks an article as reader-approved once it receives enough positive feedback. This phobia is also known as hypnophobia, clinophobia, sleep anxiety, or … Voila! I am definitely printing this out to help me! You can also give him a flashlight of his own to use for a little extra security. Then exhale, letting all the air out, for 5 counts. Listen to calming music. And my mom and dad don't like me bothering them at night. Read: The Common 2 Year Old Sleep Regression: How To Overcome. Thank you for your help so far! Letting your child into your bed will not alleviate the fear but instead will support it and your child will not learn to overcome the fear. I am having real issues with my soon to be 5 yr old daughter. The evidence is mixed on the impact of using technology before bed on your sleep patterns. Perfect article. If your child is afraid of being alone and is comforted only by contact with you, consider offering up a virtual you, in the form of a two-way monitor or a set of walkie-talkies. Tell a story in your head. You can also leave the TV on with the volume low throughout the night to give your old dog some comfort and reduce their fear. A pet for companionship (preferably an animal that does not sleep in the bed; a fish tank is a great option) can also provide security at night and reduce nighttime fear. Sometimes the worst thing about feeling afraid is that you don't know what to do. Block Access. Here’s why your little one is suddenly afraid of the dark — and what you can do to help her conquer her fear. This article was co-authored by Trudi Griffin, LPC, MS. Trudi Griffin is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Wisconsin specializing in Addictions and Mental Health. (For example, if your child says, "Turn on all the lights in the house so the robbers can't kill us" instead of "I'm scared of the dark.") "I am 12 and all I can say is this helped me get over my fears a lot, so thanks for helping! Thanks wikiHow! The most recent research suggests that watching TV or using technology before bed in fact hinders healthy sleep patterns. Focus on your breath. Start with your shoulders and, as you breathe, work your way down to your feet relaxing each muscle. Constantly reassure your child that he is safe. ", "I absolutely think this will help me a lot.". Somniphobia causes extreme anxiety and fear around the thought of going to bed. This article was co-authored by Trudi Griffin, LPC, MS. Trudi Griffin is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Wisconsin specializing in Addictions and Mental Health. Leave the door open so your cat can come in if it wants to. Therapists often add their own “twist” to the technqiues. Get anchored in the present moment by letting yourself notice all the sensory information you are taking in. Inhale, or take a deep breath, for 5 counts. Take deep full breaths and relax your body. Just let yourself process whatever you need to on paper. ", fantastic. Get a flashlight and leave it under the bed. Try talking about your child's fears during the day, when they're not afraid. Take one or two normal breaths to settle yourself. I watched a show that scared me. Read a book. Tell your child that if their fears bother them – they can squash their fears by looking under their bed. wikiHow's fear advice always helps me! Even if I watch scary things in the morning, images from those movies or shows will come to my mind at night. The placement of this object nearby may help you. "I was scared of the dark because I couldn't see what was around me. If your child has a sibling or even a pet, letting them bunk together can make nighttime fears vanish as suddenly as they appeared. This advice helped me greatly in trying to dismiss these images. Commit to a regular, relaxing routine … For more tips from our co-author, including how to keep a good bedtime routine to help you fall asleep, read on! Since dogs can’t … We know ads can be annoying, but they’re what allow us to make all of wikiHow available for free. Informational website from U.S. government focused on the understanding and treatment of mental illness. He was actually afraid. I got angry last night… In social situations? By using our site, you agree to our. Creaky floor sounds, muffled voices, occasional thuds as doors shut, etc., are not indications that anything sinister is going to happen to you, but that you live near other people - and that you are not alone! However, eating a small snack about two hours before bed can be helpful. Sit in a comfortable position. My cat is the only thing that comforts me. Discuss strategies regarding how they can be less scared at bedtime. If your child is afraid of being alone and is comforted only by contact with you, consider offering up a virtual you, in the form of a two-way monitor or a set of walkie-talkies. Squeeze your pillows and pet your sheets. Instead, consider talking to your child about the difference between imagination and reality. Blocking access for mice is extremely difficult, but not impossible! 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\n<\/p><\/div>"}, Organization devoted to improving the health of patients, families, and communities. If it make you feel safe, keep an item by your bed that could be used to protect yourself. ", "I loved relaxing and saying and writing my fear so it's out of my head. If the light interferes with your child's ability to fall and remain asleep, you should remove it. If you are thinking about real life things that are scary, like people you love dying, say, "I get worried at night, but that doesn't mean the night is dangerous.". There are several children’s books that have characters who are afraid of the dark. Research shows that the herb lavender can produce calming, soothing, and sedative effects when its scent is inhaled. It isn’t uncommon for toddlers to be afraid of the dark or afraid of monsters. Now you know the reasons why you have a mouse or mice in your room, you can use that information to keep them away. Having a pet bed side or on your bed at night can be very comforting. Get cozy. They only need a … Read something that you're interested in and that immerses you. If you really can’t stand to see another ad again, then please consider supporting our work with a contribution to wikiHow. here. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/3\/3f\/Be-Less-Scared-at-Night-Step-2-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Be-Less-Scared-at-Night-Step-2-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/3\/3f\/Be-Less-Scared-at-Night-Step-2-Version-3.jpg\/aid1676687-v4-728px-Be-Less-Scared-at-Night-Step-2-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":"728","bigHeight":"546","licensing":"

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\n<\/p><\/div>"}. If one of your anxiety triggers involves worrying about your daily activities, you may notice your anxiety spikes more at night. Research has shown that bedtime stories can enhance children's learning and development and also help develop closer bonds between children and parents. I feel like someone is going to rob me, what do I do? Flip your hazard lights on to help alert drivers to your presence so that they can avoid hitting your vehicle. When you stay up late, you wake up tired, not feeling refreshed and, by the middle of the day, craving a nap. If coming home to find that someone broke into your house is traumatizing, having it happen while you are home is everyone’s worst nightmare. The idea is that if he feels secure and confident during the day, this can help them in the night. I no longer. This will keep you focused on the plot and/or subject, and not on your fear. However, napping for a long period of time in the middle of the day can make you less able to fall asleep with ease when you go to bed at night. If your puppy or rescue dog is afraid to go outside, it could be because … I always keep a teddy bear with me. I find the suggestions very interesting and helpful. Pull the covers up and close those eyes. Decorate your room with things you like to see, and remove anything that has the potential to frighten you at night. You can also do your best to keep them from going through that ordeal. Your toddler never used to mind hitting the sack with the lights off. "Do the one when you take deep breaths, I am afraid because i am having a thunderstorm, so I am a little spooked. For more tips from our co-author, including how to keep a good bedtime routine to help you fall asleep, read on! It made me feel safe and secure. Somniphobia causes extreme anxiety and fear around the thought of going to bed. As long as he/she is okay with it, that's perfectly fine. Keeping the door open will help alleviate any fear associated with the separation from parents during the night. I liked the idea of building a safe place or something. If you start feeling scared, breathe deeply in through your nose and out through your mouth, which will help you relax. When you're scared and not thinking properly, you tend to start hyperventilating, which increases your fears. It can also be useful to pause and use your logistical thinking. Try putting a little light where you see the shadows, so when you look there, you can see there's nothing there. Treatment through cognitive or behavioral therapy can help you overcome your fear and get a better night’s rest. Instead, try reading a story to him (again, nothing scary!) Keep telling yourself it's not real. Cancel Missaaaa. But that night light didn’t do jack. Others have sleep scripts as part of the app as well. This article received 29 testimonials and 86% of readers who voted found it helpful, earning it our reader-approved status. If you feel that you must nap mid-day because you're too zapped to keep going, try taking a "power nap" just before lunch. Any would-be robber will most likely be afraid of the dog, because nobody trusts any kind of dog. Work on clearing your mind of any negative or stressful thoughts; this can be the hardest part. You could have have the phone number of a friend who stays up late readily available in case you wake up from a nightmare or can't doze off and need to talk to someone. It can be difficult for motorists to see cars that are sitting on the side of the road, especially late at night, so you could be more at risk of your car being hit if you don't have your hazard lights on. You should keep in mind that budgies know that they are animals of prey and in danger from other predators during the dark. Are you especially stressed at work? Remain calm, in control, and do not raise your voice. Communicate the notion of safety repeatedly. Not all psychologists or other mental health professionals are knowledgeable about these techniques, though. Avoid the mid-day nap. This article has been viewed 183,137 times. At this point in my life, a year and a half after losing my son and seven months after losing my daughter, I am scared to dream. Last Updated: November 24, 2019 Here are some ideas: Mental Distractions We mentioned earlier that your mind can sabotage you when you have anxiety. When you get in bed to sleep, spend some time paying attention to your bed. Some people find it helpful to focus on an object in the room, like a candle, or to harness their energy and focus into an audible sound, like "um". If you need to stop, take a deep breath, and count to ten. Night lights and monster sweeps. You shouldn’t leave them in a big open space, as that can be even more frightening. She’s scared of being in her room on her own and wants an adult to be with her all night. A wikiHow on how young dancers deal with stress would be helpful. ", "I absolutely love this website! Remind yourself that the TV show is only a work a fiction, and there is no real threat to you. It's a feeling born of probably not properly securing your house. or reading together. If your child wakes up in the middle of the night and is afraid to fall back to sleep, reassure him or her that everything is okay and that his or her bedroom is safe. Please help us continue to provide you with our trusted how-to guides and videos for free by whitelisting wikiHow on your ad blocker. Sleep with a Pet. Light signals your body that it's time to be awake, so you want to avoid it at night. Distraction techniques - If we are awake at night and unable to break the cycle of fear or feeling scared, then using relaxation strategies to distract ourselves from those thoughts can be helpful. But if you are really afraid of the dark, it's OK to try a dim night-light. Every night, for the last 10 years, Traci Coulter has struggled to sleep.Minutes tick by, then hours. ", http://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0401/p2037.html, http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/index.shtml#part_145373, http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/consumer-health/in-depth/mindfulness-exercises/art-20046356?pg=1, https://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/201505/the-voice-reason, http://www.anxietybc.com/sites/default/files/adult_hmgad.pdf, http://www.calmclinic.com/anxiety/stop-anxiety-quickly, http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anxiety/basics/prevention/con-20026282, http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/index.shtml#part_145376, http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/meditation/in-depth/meditation/art-20045858, http://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/mindfulness-meditation-helps-fight-insomnia-improves-sleep-201502187726, http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/consumer-health/in-depth/mindfulness-exercises/art-20046356?pg=2, https://sleepfoundation.org/sleep-tools-tips/healthy-sleep-tips, https://sleepfoundation.org/bedroom/touch.php, http://theweek.com/articles/473636/does-sleeping-nightlight-cause-depression, http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/sleep/art-20048379, http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/expert-answers/how-many-hours-of-sleep-are-enough/faq-20057898, http://mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/eau-claire/medical-services/neurodiagnostics/good-sleep-habits, http://www.sleepdex.org/thermoregulation.htm, http://kidshealth.org/parent/growth/sleep/nightmare.html, https://sleepfoundation.org/ask-the-expert/children-and-bedtime-fears-and-nightmares, преодолеть страх темноты, تقليل الخوف أثناء اللّيل, consider supporting our work with a contribution to wikiHow. Secure all the doors and locks and if you have a pet, keep it in the house, preferably a dog, so it can alert you. ", "Making your bed a comfy place helped me the most. Sleep with a stuffed animal, a prized blanket, or an object that reminds you of a person you love. You may find that just having a pet in the house helps you feel less alone. Sleeping with a pet nearby may help you feel safe. In the last few months, she has been scared going to sleep at night, and she sometimes wakes up at night scared as well, and can easily take an hour or two to get back to sleep. I still have dreams — things I want to do with my life — but I don’t have the expectation that those things will actually take place one day. Do not worry about spelling or grammar. I was able to fix the problem. This page has given us so much to try - it's, "The method that helped me the most was having a pet nearby or something that smelled like a loved one! Instead opt for a heavy object, such as a book or paperweight. Fingers crossed it helps. ", "When I read this, I felt comfortable. ", "It helped me because I'm a kid who is scared at night and has to sleep with mom. Improper Socialization. What can I do? This article has been viewed 183,137 times. She provides therapy to people who struggle with addictions, mental health, and trauma in community health settings and private practice. You can also leave your child's door open either partially or fully. When trying to fall asleep, put peaceful music on and focus on your breathing. Try to do this and have your character have a cat, or maybe have a character that IS a cat! The music should be anything that relaxes you, and makes you feel comfortable and happy. Here are some lifestyle tips that may help you relax and ease your anxiety at night: Meditation Evidence suggests that even one session of meditation can be … You should also avoid watching scary things or playing stressful video games before bed, since this can keep you awake at night. So I bought him a nightlight and put it in a prominent plug in the room. Here are the top 3 ways that kids who answered our survey try to help themselves feel better: 1. Bedtime Fears. However, if you want to use technology to distract yourself a few hours. Leaving the bedroom door ajar, playing an audio story or lullabies, and encouraging your child to sleep with a beloved toy or blanket may also help. Watch something funny to take your mind off it before you go to bed. My puppy hates the crate. Think about what might be the reason for your dog’s crate aversion and try different solutions. Ive got her a nighttime buddy, she has a night light. But all of a sudden, she wants you to keep the lights on in her bedroom — or she wakes in the middle of the night and is afraid of falling back asleep on her own. ", "This really helped. 40+ Tested and true solutions to try when your kid’s afraid to sleep alone at night.. Banish bedtime monsters and bedtime battles for good! Clear out any clutter under the bed that may be misconstrued as a monster in the dark. Read a book to help calm anxiety at night. If you are new to being alone because you've just moved into your own room, a dorm or a new apartment, maybe support means asking for a friend or relative to spend your first night in your new space with you. These fears only come up at night and I'm so scared. น, التغلب على الخوف في الليل, consider supporting our work with a contribution to wikiHow. She received her MS in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Marquette University in 2011. You are the best! Some dogs and cats like sharing your bed. 12 October 2017 Long story short I have anxiety. ", "This article really helped me! Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 183,137 times. In addition, there are many apps for smartphones to help people sleep that come with relaxation sounds and/or white noise. :)", "I, as a kid, find many things creepy. 5 Things to Do If Someone Breaks in While You’re Home. Whenever I am confused or need advice about something, I always search for answers, "I watched a movie called "Lights Out" and I can't stop imagining Diana coming after me. Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered. For kids, feeling scared or worried at bedtime is one of the main reasons for having … If your dog is still a puppy, this is a great chance to properly crate train him. ", them very helpful and different from what other people say. Watch or read something lighthearted or funny right before you go to bed so you have something vivid in your mind to replace the scary images. For example, if you live in an apartment, most of the sounds that scare you are probably just the sounds of other people in your building. Staying in bed will help you learn that your bed is safe. At school? Listing-making can also be a useful part of journaling, especially if you find worrying a reason you are unable to sleep. Nyctophobia is an extreme fear of night or darkness that can cause intense symptoms of anxiety and depression. Try journaling for 10-20 minutes a day about whatever comes to your mind. What can you do to train your brain to limit your fear and anxiety? If you need help, call for help. And train your dog to alert you and guard the house. What do I do? wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. Creating a to-do … Keep up the good work! Consider using a bubble bath or soap scented with lavender. All is quiet, and suddenly, you are startled by the sound of broken glass. Confronting Anxiety Identify daytime stressors. Additionally, build your child's self-confidence during the day; comment on their "bravery" and what a "big boy" or girl they are. Do you avoid any particular places or activities at night? Ensuring a Restful Environment Establish a bedtime ritual. Use the bathroom before you sleep. Read a book. Avoid anything too exciting or scary. By distracting yourself at appropriate times, you can encourage your mind to focus on things which are less likely to trigger your anxiety. Try to picture yourself somewhere relaxing with your cat. Do empower your child. ", "I sleep much better now and I found out why I was scared! Remember that you were once a child and likely had lots of silly fears too! It was made worse by multiple break ins at my previous house a year ago. When in the dark, your budgie won’t understand where he is and will become scared instead of enjoying a good night’s rest. You will likely need to have this conversation multiple times as the child develops his mental capacity for logic and reasoning. Usually, a sudden change in behavior is a red flag for most dog owners. If the show is based off something real, remind yourself that the situation that happens there is extremely unlikely to happen to you. ", "This was so helpful! Don't put a big light, because that might disturb your sleep. Make a "to-do" list for tomorrow, make a list of all of the positive things about a day, or make a list of what you look forward to tomorrow. If they have a few favorite toys, leave those with your pooch at night to give them some familiarity. A bath should be taken about 2 hours before bedtime because of the time needed to first raise and then lower body temperature. ", "It really helped me, because now I don't feel scared at night! A night-light may also make your child feel more secure. When you're tired, you're less able to identify and dismiss illogical fears. We use cookies to make wikiHow great. Some have nature sounds, some have soothing music. Stress during the day can lead to anxiety and panic … However, avoid keeping an item near you that you or someone else in your home could accidentally use to hurt themselves or others, such as a gun or knife. You know that's just the wind outside, and you know it always scares you.". Don't sleep with a pet. Touch all the fabrics. If your child wanders into your bedroom, take him or her back to bed and reassure him or her that their bed is a safe and comfortable place. Sometimes sharing a bedroom with an older sibling can help reduce bedtime fears. The anxieties you normally keep under control sneak in, sometimes in new forms. Infants and toddlers need roughly three hours of naptime during the day, but napping interferes with the sleep of adults, teenagers, and older kids. Never respond by calling your child's fear "ridiculous" or "stupid." Every night, for the last 10 years, Traci Coulter has struggled to sleep.Minutes tick by, then hours. % of people told us that this article helped them. I am kind of, "I love wikiHow, every time I have a question on how to sing, I always look for my answers here and I always find, "i have such a problem with nighttime anxiety and this article provided in-depth solutions to calming yourself and, "My 10-year-old son suffers from anxiety and fear of night and dark. Ask yourself some key questions to try to figure out what it is that scares you: What fears come to mind about the night? ", "I liked the methods on being less scared as a kid. The first sleepover is an important one. Sometimes it helps kids to know they're not the only ones who get scared. I am, "Tips to try to stop watching so many scary videos, and think of nice happy thoughts instead helped. You might be afraid of things you know are not real, or things you know are highly unlikely, such as burglars. When I try to sleep with my cat, he runs away. If you feel … There are 28 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. In general you should try to limit your child's exposure to TV and other electronics before bed as this can keep him from settling into sleep. Of course. Skip the nap. It may not work the first night, but after a day or two, the routine is quite relaxing. What if I see a few shadows at night? Extreme or persistent nighttime fears can result from a disturbing or traumatic event in the home, at preschool or daycare, or in the larger world. Taking Action Say a prayer or sing a song. Having some light in your home will also make you more aware of your surroundings and help assuage any fear of the dark you may have. Watch TV or go on your computer, tablet or smartphone. These can interfere with your sleep, and may provoke nightmares. You can put a night light in their room, just be sure it doesn’t cast shadows that make the problem worse. Try reading one of these to help your child realize they’re not the only one who gets scared at night. If your child has a sibling or even a pet, letting them bunk together can make nighttime fears vanish as suddenly as they appeared. If you wake up from a nightmare, you might feel okay afterwards and just fall back asleep. If your child is afraid of being alone, let him know that you'll check on him. Instead, accept your child's fear and work with them to try to overcome it. The mouse has been scared into your room and is cornered. Play out a fictional scenario in your mind that distracts you from whatever worry you have. Give your child the power to tackle a fear of the dark. You might find the dark, or the sense of solitude, particularly frightening. Do you think this helps? If fear of ghosts seems to be crippling you, say a prayer … A good choice would be a banana and low-fat milk or a small handful of almonds. Choose the First Sleepover Carefully. What should I do if I see something or think something scary, and then, when I close my eyes, I keep seeing it? Answer: You can ask your doctor for a referral to a psychologist or other mental health professional who uses relaxation techniques to help patients. Count. Focus on the soft, snug bedsheets around you. Count forwards or backwards as long as you can to keep your mind focus on something other than your fear until you feel yourself dose off. An example would be telling a story which ends with your child making friends with the … After all, with a mouse infestation comes mouse droppings and urine causing odors in your home! ", ashamed that I'm this chicken because I'm 13. ", have to sleep with the bathroom light on. What can I do? Yes. A night-light may be helpful for providing security at night even if your child is not afraid of the dark. For children who are afraid of the dark or scared of monsters, the story should aim to shift the child’s attitude towards the monsters or the darkness through some event which isn’t compatible with fear. ", "How to sleep better and not get afraid helped. Avoid eating food or drinking alcohol or caffeine near your bedtime. This basically allows you to access a sense of tranquility and peace no matter what's going on around you. Watch something funny to take your mind off the scary movie. As long as the light does not interfere with your child's sleep onset, it is appropriate to have dim light at bedtime. Tell your parents about it in the morning. Think of how you and the victims in the movie are different. What do I do if I am a teenager, and I am scared? Approved. Initially you might have to do this with them – and that’s okay. Focus on being present and relaxed in your body, and notice every breath you take. She provides therapy to people who struggle with addictions, mental health, and trauma in community health settings and private practice. I'm so scared I don't know what to do. A bath should be taken about 2 hours before you plan to sleep because of the time needed to first raise and then lower your body temperature to enable easier sleep. Try out a few and see what works best for your child. Learning to name your fears, comfort yourself, and get a good night's sleep will help you be less scared at night. To enhance the calming effects of a warm bath, try incorporating some essential oils or scents associated with relaxation. “Ask her if she wants daddy to check on her -- and let her decide what time makes her most secure,” Berman says. I'm hoping it will help. 4. Problem solved, I thought. And being hot and sweaty or shivering from the cold can easily keep you up. For example, if he's afraid of monsters under the bed because he watched the film Monsters, Inc., let your child know that movies are made-up and are not real. ", "Now I feel like there's nothing to be scared of unlike before. I always say ghosts aren't real, but at night everything changes. But when, night after night, he kept saying he was afraid of the dark… I realized he wasn’t stalling. If it goes well, it can …