Medicinal plants are often used for the prevention or treatment of various diseases with great scientific interest. area of Castelbuono, during the period of higher production. in combination with other natural compounds resulting in enhanced biological All figure content in this area was uploaded by Vita Di Stefano, NATURAL RESINS_ CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND nova s, NATURAL RESINS_ CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND nova science.pdf, All content in this area was uploaded by Vita Di Stefano on Jan 28, 2016. Completed, dry fiberglass resin is made of fiberglass cloth bonded to the car or boat with resin and a catalyst, to make the resin harden. This product has a multitude of uses. London,1649. Investigations on manna minor components: Isolation and characterization of a new cumarin. Boswellic acid is the known components of frankincense oil to have cancerous cell-specific cytotoxicity when opposed to B. carterii (Frankincense) EO. shows a comparison between the cultivars of Fraxinus angustifolia and F. ornus, with regard to the contents in monosaccharides (sum of glucose and fructose), oligosaccharides (sum of mannotriose and mannotetrose) and mannitol. and further biological analyses will be required to identify component(s) that are Plant Resins: Chemistry, Evolution, Ecology, and Ethnobotany, STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF NATURAL TRITERPENOIDS, Analytical study of free and ester bound benzoic and cinnamic acids of gum benzoin resins by GC-MS and HPLC-frit FAB-MS, Aromatherapy in dermatology - Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil and clotrimazole, Photochromic flavylium compounds as multistate/multifunction molecular-level systems, Polyphenols and aromatic fraction in red wine, Essential Oils in Food Production, Preservation, Flavour and Safety, Frankincense (Boswellia ) oils. NATURAL RESINS: CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND MEDICINAL USES. The biological activity of frankincense resins is due to the pentacyclic triterpenic acids, α-and β-boswellic acids and their derivatives, which showed a well documented anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Some types of resins, and their properties and uses, are included in the following table. It’s useful as expectorant, fluidifier, emollient and sedative in coughs; several applications, including artistic uses and folk medicine. In the current investigation, we proved that the combined use of the measles virus and FEO extract generated a synergistic outcome against breast cancer cells in vitro. Resin glue is a type of adhesive used in the construction industry that provides superior bonding capabilities. Today, epoxy adhesives are sold in local hardware stores, and epoxy resin is used as the binder in countertops or coatings for floors. Dragon's blood resin from Dracaena draco. Per arrivare ai giorni nostri, con le ricerche tese a convalidare l'uso etnofarmacologico. including sterols, carotenes and aromatic compounds. It is principally used in veterinary medicine as an effective diuretic agent. potentially responsible for such chemoprevention activities. Background Aromatic forms of medicine have been used through- out history for spiritual, medicinal, social, and beauty purposes. I imagine it would be much easier to make these containers out of a soft substance that hardens than substance that is already hard. fraxinol, whose structures are shown below. Several exudates from plants are well-known in folk medicine since ancient time, and they are today employed also for practical uses. Antimutagenic activity was evaluated by Salmonella mutagenicity assay in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains. is white to yellowish, four-lobed, divided to base. More Dall'utilizzo come tintura per i tessuti a colore per le pitture rupestri, gli affreschi medioevali e per le vernici da doratura rossatra usate in liuteria, all'uso nei riti magici per scac-ciare gli spiriti maligni. FLAG Epoxy Resin. Manna is still produced in Sicily, mainly in the Castelbuono and Pollina areas, from Fraxinus ornus and Fraxinus angustifolia trees. with MIC values ranging from 54 and 39% at concentrations between 200 and 50 µg/mL. Polyamide (Nylon) Polyamide or Nylon finds its usage in a large range of sectors. During the manufacturing process it is heated and molded into products for consumer use. activities. Melamine Resins. Supposedly it causes cancer or something like that. For quantitation, gas chromatography with flame ionization detection was performed. I'm not sure how to avoid it though, it seems like everything is packaged in plastic these days! Additional uses for polypropylene is in rugs or other textiles, because it holds color well and does not fade easily. The importance of these plants is related to the use of extracts and essential oils of resin in traditional medicine like Ayurvedic and Chinese. There is also evidence of the use of herbal and plant extracts in the medicine and the spiritual rituals of ancient Egypt. crystalline mass with a bittersweet taste named. The ethanol extracts of both leaves and stem barks showed significant from moderate to strong antimutagenic and antigenotoxic effects. by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. 1st French-Italian Conference on Mass Spectrometry. Some of the most popular are reusable and resealable food containers and storage containers. creatures resulted in a magical substance, also used to treat gonorrhea, stoppage of urine, watery eyes and minor burns [17], bases of the respective yellow flavylium cations [19, resin constituents, belonging to the class of flavonoids. Dracaena draco L. is known as the dragon's blood tree, and it's endemic to the Canary Islands and Morocco. Among the medicinal plants distributed in the Mediterranean region, Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. Methyl methacrylate is also mixed with other materials to create adhesives. means milk and is a reference to the milky sap that exudes from the tree upon incision (Figure 2). The best resin for a project can depend on the Environment. Sumatra benzoin resins originating from two species of Styrax were studied using modern analytical techniques. cell wall were assayed for their capacity to increase the specific activity of NAD(P)H: They are used for construction, laminate, auto-repair of fillers, skis, fishing rods, plane and ship components, coatings, decorative accessories, and bottles. My old apartment had it, and it looked nice and was really easy to clean. Plant resins are valued for the production of varnishes, adhesives, and food glazing agents. The oldest known use of plant resin comes from the late Middle Stone Age in Southern Africa where it was used as an adhesive for hafting stone tools. This novel combination therapy may be promising for breast cancer patients. There are more than 20,000 species of high vegetables, used in traditional medicines that are sources of potential new drugs. Conclusion: Results obtained in this study represent the first evidence that Pinoresinol and some higher molecular weight esters of cinnamic and benzoic acids were also found. The Chemical Resine S.a.s. insoluble β-glucan from S. boulardii cell wall, hence suggesting a novel combination Polycarbonate plastics are often used in containers that store food and beverages, such as water bottles. Synthetic flavylium compounds can exist in several forms (multistate) that can be interconverted by more than one type of external stimulus (multifunctional). Laminates are used for flooring and in inexpensive furniture. Today frankincense is one of the most commonly used resins in aromatherapy. It has astringent effect and has been used as a hemostatic and antidiarrhetic drug. Chemistry & Biodiversity. ground where it is collected in the shovels of prickly pear where hardens slowly. The structure of these compounds was verified by high performance liquid chromatography–continuous flow fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. Pharmacopoeia and the Pharmacopoeia of the United States is reported as such manna. @Azuza - It is hard to avoid plastic in food packaging. Perhaps you … Not always in the form of essential oils but also as infusions, teas, incense, smoking, perfumes, and the strewing of herbs. The oleogum resin oil of, Several studies reported in literature encourage the medical use of these oil. The main component of manna is mannitol; it also contains glucose, fructose, maltotriose, mannotetrose, minerals and some unknown constituents. However, I have a friend who doesn't buy anything packaged in plastic due to environmental concerns, and it can be done. Properties. to investigate in future investigations. Colestipol and cholestyramine are known as bile acid sequestrants. While per- forming some experiments in his laboratory, Gattefosse ´ burned his hand badly. Solo Dioscoride, nel mondo antico, prende le distanze dalla narrazione mitica, ricordando l'uso oftalmico e associandone le virtù "costrittive" della nostra re-sina alla ematite, altro semplice legato idealmente all'immagine del sangue. 3, Supramolecular Photochemistry. It is also called as pine tar and was used for creating ropes and fire purposes. I suppose it makes sense, considering how many different shapes of food containers there are. frankincense helped to take her fatigue from being barely able to lift her head to being able to do some basic activities of daily living. Cholestyramine is a strongly basic ion-exchange resin and is also used to treat hypercholesterolemia. 2. Simple dishware such as cups and plates mostly used for toddlers are manufactured from melamine resin. Food, Drugs and Cosmetics, 3rd Edition, Wiley, 2009. new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. In recent years, chronic degenerative diseases such as certain types of cancers, are becoming an evident issue. Methods and findings: Eos and insoluble β-glucan from Saccharomyces boulardii Cynna e Barros sono mostri di grande valenza simboli-ca nel pensiero ellenistico-roma-no. It's useful as expectorant, fluidifier, emollient and sedative in coughs; as a decongestant in chronic bronchitis, laryngitis and tonsillitis; in hypertonic solutions it acts as a dehydrating agent in the treatment of wounds and ulcers. Molecular response factors of the identified compounds were calculated as correction factors of the peak areas. Polymethyl acrylate is virtually transparent and is used to make hard acrylic products. specimen tree which grows in the Botanical Garden of the University of Palermo. L'estratto si è dimostrato efficace anche nell'impedire la formazione del biofilm da parte di Staphylococcus aureus con valori di MIC inclusi nel range 54 e 39% alle concentrazioni tra 200 e 50 μg/ mL, determine the content of polyphenols in wine aromas and broken after innovative treatments after the loss of the aqueous and alcoholic fraction, Background: B. carterii (Frankincense) and B. sacra (Sacred) essential oils (EOs) Thermoset polyester and vinyl-ester resins cure by exothermic reactions as well when mixed with a cat… Epoxy Acrylate resin is best suited for use in dry and wet concrete. Phytochemical studies of resins obtained from incisions of the trunk of D. draco, have led to the isolation of flavans, along with homoisoflavans, homoisoflavones, chalcones and dihydrochalcones. and B. sacra (Sacred) scavenged superoxide anions and similarly inhibited growth With epoxy resins, it’s always a 2:1 ratio of resin to hardener, but you use different “speed” hardeners to make it cure more quickly, or more slowly. Cross-linking Resins Crosslinking resins can be cured to promote chemical interactions between different polymer chains. The similarity between chemical resin and natural resin is that they both harden. IV, vol. Epoxy chemical resin is particularly useful for anchoring applications. In order to establish the possible relationship between their chemical structures and pharmacological properties, the oral and topical anti-inflammatory activities of ten triterpenoids belonging to the lupane, oleanane, and ursane series, were evaluated. It’s used in areas where a higher strength fixing is required, or where a standard ‘manual’ fixing can’t be used. MTT viability experiments were proven that Epoxy chemical resin is particularly useful for anchoring applications. Flooring. Melamine resin is synthetic resin formed into polymers of melamine and formaldehyde. He shops at the farmers market a lot, and brings his own cardboard containers for things. Epoxies are plastics of thermoset formed by the reaction of two or more industrial chemical compounds. BPA is found in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. slight percentage increases for cultivars. started own activity in the years 1950’s dealing with the articles for the upholstery, but in the following years have changed the activity from commercial to industrial and developed the fabricating and processing of polyurethane foams, initially for the realization of padding in the furnishings industry. Essential oils are also used in the food, cosmetic, and perfume industry, who are presently the largest users of essential oils in the world, currently more so that in the therapeutic use of aromatherapy. There are 43 different reported species in India, Arabian Peninsula and North Africa. However, in spite of this popularity, little works have been performed on the activity so that further studies should be performed to investigate in depth the antimutagenic, antigenotoxic and antiproliferative activities of the plant. FLAG Resin is an acronym for, Filling, Laminating And Gluing, and as you might have assumed, these are the recommended uses for this product. Folkmedicine. The two most common forms of acrylic resin are polymethyl acrylate (PMMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA). Using Epoxy Resin as an Adhesive Apply epoxy resin as an effective bonding agent. Melamine foam is used for insulation and also as a sound-proofing material. The story of his discovery of the potential healing properties of essential oils is relevant to the subject of aromatherapy in dermatology. Amazed at the rapidity and completeness of the healing without scarring which he experienced, Gattefosse ´ went on to study the properties of different essential oils. The most common form is polyethylene, which is used to make water bottles. Furthermore, the extracts and essential oils of frankincense have been used as antiseptic agents in mouthwash, in the treatment of cough and asthma and as a fixative in perfumes, soaps, creams, lotions and detergents. Pine resin was the most common tree resin extracted in those days, due to its use being known very well. Chemo-preventive Properties of Essential Oils Obtained from Boswellia carterii and B. sacra in Combi... Frankincense Essential Oil as a Supportive Therapy for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Case Study. The resin is a natural or synthetic viscous liquid substance, often used in various industrial processes. Traditionally, the genus has always been associated with investigations on coumarins [94]. You want to get right to the fun stuff. The trees start producing resin when they are about 8 to 10, appreciated resins, which were exported to Rome, China and North Africa [52, prophylactic to prevent the bites of malar. The term aroma- therapy is so loose that many associate essential oils purely with the beauty and cosmetics industry, not understanding their important therapeutic potential. For the same purpose, Eg. Use 0.07 inches for the depth if using inches or 0.16 if using centimeters. The two commercially available forms of melamine resin used are melamine foam and laminate. Chemical resin is a term used to describe synthetic resins. Hexion offers a broad range of melamine-based resins. from the wounded trunk or branches of the tree (Figure 1, either Hercules (in his quest) or Atlas (as punishment). A glutinous liquid exudes from this cut, hardens as it oxidises in the air into a yellowish crystalline mass with a bittersweet taste, and is then harvested. drugs continue to be developed through phytochemical research. Pure epoxy resins are usually mixed as two ingredients (a resin and a hardener, often an amine) of equal or integrally proportionate (stoichiometric) ratios to produce a material that cures slowly with little shrinkage. (CHO-K1 and HT-29 cells). He carried out experiments with essential oils in military hospitals during World War I. Epoxy resins are used in a wide array of consumer and industrial applications because of their toughness, strong adhesion, chemical resistance and other specialized properties. A Chinese em- peror, Kiwant Ti, wrote a book describing the medicinal properties of plants, attributing similar properties to their use as those that we give them today. It is also weather-resistant, so it is often used in aquariums, vehicle taillights, and commercial signs. When taken in hypertonic solutions, manna acts as a dehydrating agent in the treatment of wounds, ulcers and promotes the flow of the contents of the gall bladder and bile ducts [16, ... Risultati significativi si sono ottenuti per Staphylococcus aureus e Staphylococcus epidermidis, con un valore di MIC pari a 100 μg/mL. If trying to calculate the amount of resin to cover a flat surface such as a painting or countertop, doming resins generally level to a depth of 1/8 inch, but can go thinner on flat surfaces. mannotriose, mannotetrose, minerals, water and minor constituents [96]. Antiproliferative activity was studied on human hepatoblastoma (HepG-2) and on breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines by MTT assay. It also has been used in air conditioning filters and even disposable diapers. Polypropylene resin is a chemical resin used widely in the food industry. Resins are any of the chemically modified natural resins or synthetic polymers which are physically similar, including thermoplastic materials such as polyvinyl, polystyrene, and polyethylene, as well as thermosetting materials such as polyesters, epoxies, and silicones. evaluated and found to be via activation of apoptotic process. anticancer and, Fatigue experienced by patients diagnosed with cancer can be debilitating and can be challenging to manage. Fiberglass resin is used to repair the bodies of cars and boats. The use of supportive therapies such as essential oils is gaining popularity among patients diagnosed with cancer. Furthermore, the antiproliferative activity observed on cancer cells was compared with that on the human normal-like fibroblasts (TelCOFS02MA) and the selectivity index was calculated to understand if extracts were able to exert selective toxicity towards cancer cells. The different types of resins, their primary … Complete characterization of Boswellia EOs Resin suppliers sell the raw resin to packaging manufacturers who shape it into the desired plastic packaging. Real-time RT-PCR was used to quantitatively analyze the expression of exogenous p53 which indicated that MV when combined with FEO would upregulate the P53 expression in both breast cancer cell lines. due specie di frassino coltivate in Sicilia. Aromatherapy may be regarded as hav- ing a close relationship to herbal medicine; the major difference between them is in the former essential oils are extracted from parts of the plant, whereas the whole plant is used in herbal medicines. Evidence in writing for the ben- efits of aromatic substances is evident in early Chinese medicines as long as 4500 years ago. Polypropylene is often preferred over polyethylene because it has a higher melting point. Epoxies. You use Thomas' Supplier Discovery Platform to find Suppliers of Polyester Resins. quinone reductase (QR), scavenge radicals and inhibit growth of human CRC cells What is Epoxy Resin? Originally it was only collected from trees with damaged bark, but later in southern Italy and northern Sicily plantations were established for manna production, in which the bark is intentionally damaged for exudation and collection of manna. products as renewable resources of chemicals. We hypothesized that Frankincense oil extract in combination with an oncolytic measles virus would introduce enhanced cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells. leukotriene and elastase enzyme inhibition might be responsible for this effec, incensole and incensole acetate were minor components. mannotetrose, minerals and some unknown constituents. © 2008-2020 ResearchGate GmbH. leaves and stem bark extracts and their phytochemical composition, Dracaena cinnabari vs Dracaena draco: confronto del profilo fitofarmacologico, Caratterizzazione chimica della manna estratta nelle Madonie (Sicilia) da cultivar di Fraxinus angustifolia e di Fraxinus ornus (Oleaceae), Steroidal Saponins from the Bark of Dracaena draco and Their Cytotoxic Activities, Bizarre Plants. Wikibuy Review: A Free Tool That Saves You Time and Money, 15 Creative Ways to Save Money That Actually Work. Adhesives. When to Use Chemical Fixings and Resin Anchors If you need to fix close to the edge of a brick or stone pier because you need to hang a gate or fix a letterbox or nameplate, drilling and using screws and bolts which expand in their associated wall plugs may crack or split the masonry. Il primo rappresenta le forze La storia mitologica del Sangue di Drago, una resina prodotta da piante endemiche del continente africano appartenenti al genere Dra-caena, attraversa i millenni. eventually apoptosis in both cell lines as the combined treatment induce higher apoptosis induction ability than both monotherapies alone. They are also prized as raw materials for the synthesis of other organic compounds and provide constituents of incense and perfume. Epoxies are thermoset plastics made by the reaction of two or more industrial chemical compounds. There are more than 20,000, in folk medicine since ancient time, and they are today employed also for prac, Morocco. What Are the Differences between Resins and Polymers. I did not know that polypropylene was considered a resin. oil is poor in sesquiterpenes and totally devoid of the diterpenes of the incensole type [84]. Frankincense oil originating from the Middle East has been a significant ingredient in incense for years. La leggenda ezio-logica che connette questo rosso essudato vegetale al sangue, dopo Plinio, troverà grande fortuna presso altri enciclopedisti latini (Solino: Collectanea rerum me-morabilia XXV, 14-15, Isidoro di Siviglia: Etymologiae XIX, 17, 8-9). control/assurance needs to be established for, active molecules, using traditional knowledge in our search, for new and effective drug. textiles as valuables for trading and barter. You don’t read and follow the directions. manna, and the identification of some minor constituents of coumarins type. The two-part epoxy resin consists of two liquid materials that, once they are mixed start a hardening process. How to use chemical anchors? This plastic resin … of confusion regarding the source and identity of this resin. Polyester resinsare formed from the reaction of dibasic organic acids and polyhydric alcohols. Finally, Sacred oil efficiently scavenged superoxide anions and expressed It can be used as a sweetener in cases of diabetes as it does not affect glycemia levels or cause glycosuria; in addition it is also a cholagogue as it promotes the flow of the contents of the gall bladder and bile ducts and so stimulates bile production. EOs used alone and in combination with insoluble β-glucan from Saccharomyces FEO and MV also showed synergistic cytotoxicity when used in combination. The name alkyd, formed from alkyl (a chemical abbreviation for alcohol) and acid, denotes the chemical origin of the resin, which is commonly based on a polymerization reaction between an alcohol, such as glycerol, and a dicarboxylic acid or its anhydride—for instance, phthalic anhydride.Glycerol and phthalic anhydride react to form the polyester glyptal. Aromatic substances are well known to have been used in the preservation of the body for the after-life as in the tomb of Tutankhamen discovered in Egypt in 1922. is exudate that hardens on the tree trunk and is the less valuable type. Analysis of these types of resins usually involves several steps including alkaline hydrolysis, derivatization of the polar groups and chromatography. Plinio il Vecchio nell'opera Naturalis Historia, narra dello scontro letale tra un elefante e un drago. has been used in traditional medicine for its remarkable curative properties. So let the label be your guide: if the resin you're using doesn't say "conforms to ASTM D-4236", then chances are it poses some serious health risks. Start by clicking the ‘select option’ below to … have been used for many centuries in several medicinal applications. illa cinnabaris an-tidotis medicamentisque utilissi-ma est at, Hercules, medici, quia cinnabarim vocant, utuntur hoc minio, quod venenum esse paulo mox docebimus." Epoxy resin is used as the matrix phase in carbon-fibre composites for aircraft structures and as an adhesive in aircraft structural joints and repairs. BPA stands for bisphenol A. BPA is an industrial chemical that has been used to make certain plastics and resins since the 1960s. Dragon's blood is a non-specific name for red resinous exudations from quite different plant species endemic to various regions around the globe that belong to the genera Dracaena (Africa) and Daemonorops (South-East Asia), more rarely also to the genera Pterocarpus and Croton (both South America). the development of new strategies to treat biofilms of medical relevance.